| POPULATION: | 3.5 million |
| AREA: | 1,566,000 sq km (610,740 sq mi) |
| LAND BOUNDARIES: | 8,158 km, with Russia 3,485 km and
with China 4,673 km |
| AVERAGE ALTITUDE: | 1,580 m above sea-level |
| TERRAIN: | Vast semi-desert and desert plains, mountains in
west and southwest, Gobi Desert in southeast |
| PEOPLE: | Khalkha Mongols (86%), Kazaks (6%), about a
dozen other Mongolian ethnic groups |
| LANGUAGES: | Mongolian, Kazakh, Russian, Chinese. English is widely spoken in the Ulaanbaatar. |
| RELIGIONS: | Tibetan Buddhism, Muslim, Christian and
Shamanism |
| LITERACY RATE: | 82.9% |
| CLIMATE: | Average summer temperature +20’C, average winter temperature -26’C, average rainfall 200-220 mm. Winter lasts from November to late April, Spring from May through June, Summer from July through September. |
| POLITICAL SYSTEM: | Parliamentary republic. President elected for four years. Present President Khurelsukh Uhnaa, elected in 2021. Prime Minister appointed by State Great Khural for four years. Present Prime Minister Mr. Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrain was appointed in 2021. |
| LEGISLATURE: | State Great Khural (Parliament), unicameral with 76 members elected for four years. The last election was held in 2020. |
| JUDICIAL SYSTEM: | Mongolian judicial system consists of Constitutional Court , Supreme Court, Aimag and capital city courts, soum and district courts. |
| STATE STRUCTURE: | Mongolia is a unitary state and divided administratively into Aimags (21) and a capital city; Aimags are subdivided into soums; soums into bags; and a capital city into districts; districts into khoroos. |
| NATIONAL CURRENCY: | Tugrik (MNT), about MNT 3400 = USD 1 (by FEB 2024) |
| FISCAL YEAR: | January 1 – December 31 |
| MAIN ENTRY POINTS: | Chinggis Khaan (airport in Ulaanbaatar ), Sukhbaatar (railway station on Mongolian-Russian border), Tsagaannuur (Passing point of Russian border in Bayan-Ulgii province) Zamyn Uud (railway station on Mongolian-Chinese border) |
| SEA ACCESS: | Tianjin/China (1,344 km) and Nakhodka/Russia (4,037 km) |
| PUBLIC HOLIDAYS: | December 31- January 1 – New Year 3 days, in January/February – Mongolian New Year (Tsagaan Sar), June 1 – Mother and Child day, July 11-13 – National Holiday (Naadam festival) |
| TIME: | Add 7-8 hours to Greenwich Mean Time |
| NORMAL WORKING HOURS: | 09.00-13.00 and 14.00-18.00 |
| ELECTRIC CURRENT: | 220 volts/50 HZ |
| WEIGHT AND MEASURES: | Metric System |
| VISA ARRANGEMENTS: | Visa shall be issued by Mongolia Embassies and Diplomatic Missions as well as Honorary consuls of Mongolia , or can be obtained at the airport at a cost of US$53 but must be accompanied by an invitation. |
